Table 6.40 — EEs for EAs with labels beginning with E
Attribute label Enumerant label Concept definition Figure(s) Code
ECOSYSTEM_TYPE   The type of an ecosystem based on a combination of land cover, floristic properties, climate, and physiognomy.    
  BAMBOO Comprised of woody, tall, <GRASS> shrub/woods with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a moist-wet, hot-mild climate. Dominant taxa include Bambusa (Asia) and Oxylenanthera (Africa). Olson Ecosystem Type BAMBOO: 88 (bamboo wood/scrub).   1
  BARE_COASTAL_DUNES Comprised of moving/reversible <RIDGE>s with sparse <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold, dry climate. Dominant taxa include Cakile, Corispermum, Lathyrus, and Croton. Olson Ecosystem Type BARECOASTDUN: 83 (bare coast dune).   2
  BARE_DESERT Comprised of ephemeral/sparse xerophytes with low cover <VEGETATION> and an extreme drought climate. Dominant taxa include Salsola, Ambrosia, Cordylanthus, Lactuca, and Capparis. Olson Ecosystem Type BAREDESERT: 8 (bare desert).   3
  BARREN_TUNDRA Comprised of dwarf herb, <SHRUB>, moss, lichen with variable <VEGETATION> and a cold permafrost climate. Dominant taxa include Oxyria, Alopecuris, Carex, and Eriophorum. Olson Ecosystem Type TUNDRABARREN: 53 (tundra barren arctic).   4
  BEACHES_AND_DUNES Comprised of low linear <RIDGE>s of <SAND> with pioneer <VEGETATION> and a wind-swept, storm-swept climate. Dominant taxa include Uniola, Elymus (Leymus), Ammophila, Andropogon, and Prunus. Olson Ecosystem Type BEACHFORDUNE: 81 (beach fore-dune).   5
  BROADLEAF_CROPS Comprised of leafy rowcrops with/without <GRASS>, woody with annual tops <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Arachis (peanut), Solanum, Vitis (grape), and Humulus (hop). Olson Ecosystem Type BROADLEAFCROP: 92 (broadleaf crops).   6
  COAST_WETLAND_NE Comprised of mixed wet/dry <COAST> in the north-east quadrant of the <REGION> with variable <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Spartina, Elymus, Ammophila, and Uniola. Olson Ecosystem Type CSTWETLND-NE: 66 (coast wetland-NE).   7
  COAST_WETLAND_NW Comprised of mixed wet/dry <COAST> in the north-west quadrant of the <REGION> with variable <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Spartina, Elymus, Ammophila, and Uniola. Olson Ecosystem Type CSTWETLND-NW: 65 (coast wetland-NW).   8
  COAST_WETLAND_SE Comprised of mixed wet/dry <COAST> in the south-east quadrant of the <REGION> with variable <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Spartina, Elymus, Ammophila, and Uniola. Olson Ecosystem Type CSTWETLND-SE: 67 (coast wetland-SE).   9
  COAST_WETLAND_SW Comprised of mixed wet/dry <COAST> in the south-west quadrant of the <REGION> with variable <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Spartina, Elymus, Ammophila, and Uniola. Olson Ecosystem Type CSTWETLND-SW: 68 (coast wetland-SW).   10
  COASTLINE_FRINGE Comprised of <BEACH>/<SAND_DUNE>/<ROCK>/slope with variable <VEGETATION> and a marine climate. Dominant taxa include Cakile and Lathyrus. Olson Ecosystem Type COASTHINTLND: 80 (coast hinterland).   11
  COLD_GRASSLAND Comprised of browsed meadow/steppe with annual top <VEGETATION> and a cold, windy, dry-wet climate. Dominant taxa include Calamogrostis, Elymus, Eriophorum, other herbs, and Azorella. Olson Ecosystem Type COLDGRASSLND: 42 (cold grassland).   12
  COLD_IRRIGATED_CROPLAND Comprised of tilled/hay pastured fields with some irrigated crop <VEGETATION> and a snowy, long winter climate. Dominant taxa include Solanum tuberosa (potato), and Brassica (cabbage). Olson Ecosystem Type COLDIRRIGATD: 39 (cold irrigated crops).   13
  COMPOUND_COASTLINES Comprised of coastal heathland, <WETLAND>s, and <WATER>/<LAND> mixtures with varied <VEGETATION> and a varied climate. Dominant taxa include water/land mixtures. Olson Ecosystem Type COMPOUNDCST: 85 (compound coast).   14
  CONIFER_BOREAL_FOREST Comprised of medium-low dense-open taiga with narrow conifer <VEGETATION> and a cold climate. Dominant taxa include Abies balsamea, Picea, and Pinus banksiana. Olson Ecosystem Type CONIFRBOREAL: 21 (conifer boreal forest/wood).   15
  CONIFER_FOREST Comprised of needle-leaf <FOREST> with evergreen conifer <VEGETATION> and a warm-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Tsuga, Pinus, Picea, Abies, and Chamaecyparis. Olson Ecosystem Type CONIFEVRGFST: 3 (conifer evergreen forest).   16
  CONIFEROUS_FOREST Comprised of very tall-to-low <FOREST>/woodland with evergreen <TREE>/shrub <VEGETATION> and a hot-mild climate. Dominant taxa include Pinus (taeda, palustris, elliotii, and caribaea): Sequoia. Olson Ecosystem Type CONIFOREST: 27 (conifer forest).   17
  COOL_BROADLEAF_FOREST Comprised of medium-tall <FOREST> with summer green <VEGETATION> and a persistent snowy climate. Dominant taxa include Acer, Ouercus rubra, alba, and Fraxinus with or without Fagus. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLDECDFRST: 25 (cool deciduous forest).   18
  COOL_CONIFER_FOREST Comprised of low-to-tall <FOREST>, woodland with evergreen conifer <VEGETATION> and a snowy climate. Dominant taxa include Pinus, Pseudotsuga, Picea, Abies, and Libocedrus. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLCONIFRST: 22 (cool conifer forest/wood).   19
  COOL_CROPS_AND_TOWNS Comprised of <FARM>s with/without pasture, <SETTLEMENT>s with summer crop <VEGETATION> and a snowy winter climate. Dominant taxa include spring grain, forage with or without Olson Ecosystem Type 35, Poa, Agrostis, and Agropyron. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLCROPTOWN: 30 (cool crop/town).   20
  COOL_FIELDS_AND_WOODS Comprised of crop/herb and wood/<SHRUB> covering 20-40 percent, with summer green/evergreen <VEGETATION> and a snowy climate. Dominant taxa include Poa, Bromus, Quercus, Prunus, and Crataegus. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLFIELDWDS: 55 (cool field wood/<SHRUB>).   21
  COOL_FOREST_AND_FIELD Comprised of <FOREST> and <CROP_LAND>/<SHRUB>/<GRASS_LAND> with mixed/summer green <VEGETATION> and a snowy climate. Dominant taxa include Quercus, Betula, Acer, and Amelanchier. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLFORSTFLD: 57 (cool forest field).   22
  COOL_GRASSES_AND_SHRUBS Comprised of mid-tall <GRASS>, herb, shrub with annual foliage <VEGETATION> and a snowy, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Bromus, Poa (C3 grass), Trifolium, Andropogon, and Panicum. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLGRASSHRB: 40 (cool grass herb/shrub).   23
  COOL_IRRIGATED_CROPLAND Comprised of tilled/hay pastured fields with mostly irrigated crop <VEGETATION> and a snowy most winters climate. Dominant taxa include Beta vulgaris (sugar beets), grains, and forage. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLIRRIGATD: 38 (cool irrigated crops).   24
  COOL_MIXED_FOREST Comprised of medium/tall <FOREST> with evergreen/summer green <VEGETATION> and a snowy climate. Dominant taxa include Betula, Acer with/without Fagus, Pinus, Picea, Abies, and Tsuga. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLMIXDFRST: 23 (cool mixed forest).   25
  COOL_RAIN_FOREST Comprised of medium/tall <FOREST> with evergreen conifer <VEGETATION> and a rainy/snowy climate. Dominant taxa include Picea sitkensis/rubra, Tsuga, Alnus/Betula, and Gaultheria. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLRAINFRST: 20 (conifer cool rainforest).   26
  COOL_S_HMISPH_MIXED_FORESTS Comprised of tall-to-low <FOREST> with evergreen broadleaf <VEGETATION> and a cool-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Nothofagus, Drimes winteri, Pilgerodendron, and Podocarpus. Olson Ecosystem Type COOLSOHEMIXF: 54 (cool southern hemisphere mixed forest).   27
  CORN_AND_BEANS_CROPLAND Comprised of rowcrops: maize, soy, cover with alternation <VEGETATION> with/without irrigation. Dominant taxa include Zea maize, Gycine max (soy), Festuca, and Bromus. Olson Ecosystem Type CROPCORNBEAN: 35 (crops: corn/bean).   28
  CROP_AND_WATER_MIXTURES Comprised of crop and coast/river/pond/wetland with variable cover <VEGETATION> and a variable climate. Dominant taxa include Calamogrostis, Phragmites, and crop or pasture. Olson Ecosystem Type CROPWATERMIX: 76 (crop/water mix).   29
  CROPS_AND_TOWN Comprised of <FARM>s with/without pasture and <TOWN>s with crop mix <VEGETATION> and a mild-hot, wet-dry climate. Dominant taxa include winter grain, Gossypium, Sorghum, and Panicum. Olson Ecosystem Type CROPTOWN: 31 (crop/town).   30
  CROPS_GRASS_SHRUBS Comprised of <FARM>, <GRASS_LAND>, and/or <SCRUB_LAND> with herbage <VEGETATION> and a cold-hot, wet-dry climate. Dominant taxa are mosaics. Olson Ecosystem Type CROPGRASSHRB: 94 (crop grass/shrub).   31
  DECID_BROADLEAF_FOREST Comprised of medium/tall <FOREST> with summer green <VEGETATION> and a mild-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Quercus, Carya, Liriodendron, Magnolia, Acer, and Juglans. Olson Ecosystem Type BROADLFOREST: 26 (broadleaf forest).   32
  DECID_BROADLEAF_WOODS Comprised of broadleaf <FOREST>/woodland and <SHRUB> with deciduous <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Quercus, Carya, Fraxinus, Ulmus, Celtis, and Populus. Ecosystem Type DECIDUBDLFWD: 5 (deciduous broadleaf wood).   33
  DECID_CONIFER_FOREST Comprised of needle-leaf <FOREST> and woodland with deciduous <VEGETATION> and a generally cold climate. Dominant taxa include Larix (Taxodium is in Olson Ecosystem Type 13). Olson Ecosystem Type CONIFDECIDWD: 4 (conifer deciduous wood).   34
  DECID_MIXED_BOREAL_FOREST Comprised of medium-low <FOREST>/woodland (Larix greater than 20 percent) with deciduous-mixed tiaga <VEGETATION> and a cold climate. Dominant taxa include Larix, Abies, and Pinus siberica. Olson Ecosystem Type DECIDUMIXBOR: 61 (mixed deciduous boreal).   35
  DECIDUOUS_TREE_CROP Comprised of <FARM>s on which deciduous <TREE>s are cultivated.   36
  DRY_EVERGREEN_WOODS Comprised of woodland, low/dry <FOREST> with broadleaf evergreen <VEGETATION> and a dry climate. Dominant taxa include Tecoma, Schinopsis, Aspidosperma, and Acacia (quebracho). Olson Ecosystem Type WOODRYEVRGRN: 48 (wood dry evergreen broadleaf).   37
  DRY_TROPICAL_WOODS Comprised of woodland/low <FOREST> and C4 grass with drought-deciduous <VEGETATION> and a hot, dry climate. Dominant taxa include:= Prosopis, Cercidium, Aspidospermum, and Cedrela. Olson Ecosystem Type DRYTROPICWDS: 32 (dry tropical wood/shrub).   38
  DRY_WOODY_SCRUB Comprised of <SHRUB> with/without low/open woodland with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a dry/cool-warm climate. Dominant taxa include Juniperus and Pinus (cedulus, monosperma, and flexilis). Olson Ecosystem Type SHRUBWOODRY: 47 (scrub wood dry).   39
  EVERGREEN_BROADLEAF Comprised of broadleaf <FOREST>/woodland with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a mild-warm climate. Dominant taxa include Quercus virginiana, Persea, Magnolia, and Ilex. Olson Ecosystem Type EVERGRBDLFWD: 6 (evergreen broadleaf wood).   40
  EVERGREEN_FOREST_FIELDS Comprised of crop/herb, <SHRUB>, and/or <FOREST> with evergreen conifer/broadleaf <VEGETATION>. Dominant taxa include Pinus, Pseudotsuga, and Sabal palmetto. Olson Ecosystem Type EVRGNFRSTFLD: 19 (evergreen forest/field).   41
  EVERGREEN_TREE_CROP Comprised of <FARM>s on which evergreen <TREE>s are cultivated.   42
  FIELDS_AND_WOODY_SAVANNA Comprised of crop/herb, and <FOREST> and/or <SHRUB> with deciduous/evergreen <VEGETATION> and a hot-cool climate. Dominant taxa include Festuca, Diospyros, Sassafras, and Cornus. Olson Ecosystem Type FIELDWDSAVNA: 58 (field/wood savanna).   43
  FOREST_AND_FIELD Comprised of <FOREST> and crop/shrub/<GRASS> with mixed/deciduous <VEGETATION> and a mild-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Quercus, Platanus, and Liquidambar. Olson Ecosystem Type FORESTFIELD: 56 (forest field).   44
  GLACIER_ICE Comprised of Antarctic/mountain/sea <ICE> with algae/lichen <VEGETATION> and a very cold climate. Dominant taxa include cryptogams (lichen and algae). Olson Ecosystem Type GLACIERICE: 12 (glacier ice).   45
  GLACIER_ROCK Comprised of Arctic/mountain glacier and/or <SNOW_GROUND_COVER> with microbe/herb <VEGETATION> and a very cold climate. Olson Ecosystem Type GLACIEROCK: 70 (glacier rock).   46
  GRASS_CROPS Comprised of cereal, hay greater than 60 percent with/without settlements with annual tops <VEGETATION> and a cool-hot, wet-dry climate. Dominant taxa include Triticum (wheat), Avena (oats), Hordeum (barley), and Secale (rye). Olson Ecosystem Type GRASSCROP: 93 (grass and crop).   47
  HEATH_SCRUB Comprised of dwarf-tall scrub, acid <SOIL> with evergreen-mixed <VEGETATION> and a mild-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Empetrum, Vaccinum, Calluna, Kalmia, and Rhododendron. Olson Ecosystem Type HEATHSCRUB: 64 (heath shrub).   48
  HOT_IRRIGATED_CROPLAND Comprised of tilled/pastured fields with extensively irrigated crop <VEGETATION> and a climate with rare or no <SNOW_PRECIPITATION>. Dominant taxa include Gossypium (cotton) and Saccharum officinarium (sugar cane). Olson Ecosystem Type HOTIRRIGATED: 37 (hot-mild irrigated crop).   49
  HOT_MILD_GRASSES_SHRUBS Comprised of prairie/pampas/rangeland with mixed foliage (C4) <VEGETATION> and a mild-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Bouteloua, Aristida, Setaria (C4 grass) with/without shrub, and <TREE>s. Olson Ecosystem Type HOTMLDGRSHB: 41 (hot-mild grass herb shrub).   50
  INLAND_WATER Comprised of <PLANKTON> with/without emergents with seasonal blooms <VEGETATION> and a variable climate. Dominant taxa include <PLANKTON> with/without emergents. Olson Ecosystem Type WATERINLAND: 14 (water inland).   51
  IRRIGATED_GRASSLAND Comprised of farm rangeland and irrigated <CROP_LAND> with herbage <VEGETATION> and a dry, hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Medicago sativa (alfalfa), Sorghum, Triticum, and Bromus. Olson Ecosystem Type IRRIGCRASSLD: 10 (irrigated crop grassland).   52
  LAND_AND_WATER_RIVERS Comprised of alluvial mix, <RIVER>, <PLANT>s with varied foliage <VEGETATION> and a varied climate. Dominant taxa include Ambrosia, Salix, Populus, Acer, Ulmus, and Platanus. Olson Ecosystem Type LNDWTR{IVER}: 75 (land/water river).   53
  LAND_WATER_AND_SHORE Comprised of <LAKE>/wetland and marginal <PLANT>s with varied foliage <VEGETATION> and a varied climate. Dominant taxa include plankton, Scirpus, and Typha. Olson Ecosystem Type LANDWATRSHRE: 74 (land/water shore).   54
  LOW_SPARSE_GRASSLAND Comprised of steppe, herb with/without sparse woody with shortgrass/hummock <VEGETATION> and a dry/cold climate. Dominant taxa include Bouteloua, Buchle, Stipa, Sporobolus, and Opuntia. Olson Ecosystem Type LOWSPRSGRASS: 2 (low/sparse grassland).   55
  MANGROVE Comprised of <FOREST>/scrub, tidal flat with evergreen broadleaf <VEGETATION> and a hot climate. Dominant taxa include Rhizophora, Avicenna, and Hibiscus. Olson Ecosystem Type MANGROVE: 72 (mangrove forest scrub).   56
  MARSH_WETLAND Comprised of graminoid/herb with/without <SHRUB>/<TREE> with mixed <VEGETATION> and a marine or cold-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Spartina, Juncus, Scirpus, Salicornia, and Hibiscus. Olson Ecosystem Type MARSWETLAND: 45 (marshy wetland).   57
  MEDITERRANEAN_SCRUB Comprised of scrub with/without wood/grassland with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a winter rain climate. Dominant taxa includ: Quercus, Cercocarpus, Adenostema, Ceanothus, and Baccharis. Olson Ecosystem Type MEDITERRANSC: 46 (Mediterranean scrub/wood).   58
  MIRE_BOG_FEN Comprised of sphagnum/graminoid and dwarfshrub with evergreen/summer green <VEGETATION> and a cold climate. Dominant taxa include Sphagnum, Carex, Ledum, Eriophorum, Rhus, and Picea. Olson Ecosystem Type MIRE:BOGFEN: 44 (mire: bog/fen).   59
  MIXED_FOREST Comprised of low-medium <FOREST>/woodland with conifer/broadleaf <VEGETATION> and a mild-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Quercus, Carya, Liquidambar, Pinus, and Juniperus. Olson Ecosystem Type MIXEDFOREST: 24 (mixed forest/woodland).   60
  MIXED_FOREST_AND_FIELD Comprised of low-tall <FOREST> with/without <CROP_LAND>/<GRASS_LAND> with summer green/evergreen <VEGETATION> and a with/without <SNOW_PRECIPITATION> climate. Dominant taxa include Acer, Tilia, Quercus, Pinus, and Tsuga. Olson Ecosystem Type MIXEDFRSTFLD: 18 (mixed forest/field).   61
  MOIST_EUCALYPTUS Comprised of medium open Eucalypt <FOREST> with broadleaf evergreen <VEGETATION> and a mild-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Eucalyptus and Acacia. Olson Ecosystem Type MOISTEUCALPT: 89 (moist eucalypt forest).   62
  MONTANE_TROPICAL_FORESTS Comprised of montane medium-low woods/herbs with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a mild-warm, wet climate. Dominant taxa include Eugenia, Brunellia, Clusia, Castilloa, Tipuana, and Myoxylon. Olson Ecosystem Type MONTROPICAL: 28 (montane tropical complex).   63
  NARROW_CONIFERS Comprised of dense/sparse <TREE>/<SHRUB>/herb with evergreen/mixed <VEGETATION> and a subpolar/mountain climate. Dominant taxa include Abies, Picea, Pinus, and Juniperus. Olson Ecosystem Type NARROWCONIFR: 62 (narrow conifer mix).   64
  POLAR_AND_ALPINE_DESERT Comprised of barren <ROCK> and polar/alpine <DESERT_REGION> with lichen <VEGETATION> and an extreme cold, dry climate. Dominant taxa include Draba, Dryas, Cassiope, Luzula nivalis, and Poa arctica. Olson Ecosystem Type POLALPDESERT: 69 (polar alpine desert).   65
  RAIN_GREEN_TROPICAL_FOREST Comprised of medium <FOREST>, closed-open with drought-deciduous <VEGETATION> and a hot, moist climate. Dominant taxa include Shorea robusta, Tectonia grandis, and Xylia dolobriformis. Olson Ecosystem Type RAINGRNTRFST: 90 (rain green tropical forest).   66
  RESIDUAL_DUNES_BEACHES Comprised of residual <RIDGE>s of <SAND> and fields with varied cover <VEGETATION> and a varied climate. Olson Ecosystem Type RESIDUNEBCH: 84 (residual dune beach).   67
  RICE_PADDY_AND_FIELD Comprised of plain or terrace paddies with 1-3 crops per year <VEGETATION> with irrigation. Dominant taxa include Oryza sativa (rice), other C4 and/or C3 metabolic type crops, gardens, with/without <TREE>s. Olson Ecosystem Type RICEPADDYFLD: 36 (rice: paddy/field).   68
  ROCKY_CLIFFS_AND_SLOPES Comprised of shore/montane/sparse cover with varied <VEGETATION> and a varied climate. Dominant taxa include Arctostaphylos, Vaccinium, Juniperus, and lichens/herbs. Olson Ecosystem Type ROCKCLIFFSLP: 86 (rock cliff/slope).   69
  S_HMISPH_CONIFERS Comprised of tall-medium rainforest with evergreen conifer <VEGETATION> and a mild-cool climate. Dominant taxa include Podocarp and Auraucaria families. Olson Ecosystem Type SOHEMISCONIF: 77 (southern hemisphere conifer).   70
  S_HMISPH_MIXED_FOREST Comprised of medium/tall rainforest with/without conifer with evergreen broadleaf <VEGETATION> and a mild-warm climate. Dominant taxa include Nothofagus, Fitzroya, Persea, and Crinodendron. Olson Ecosystem Type SOHEMISMIXFR: 78 (southern hemisphere mixed forest).   71
  SALT_PLAYAS Comprised of saline/soda desert basins with halophyte dry lake <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Salicornia, Atriplex, Suedia, Sarcobatus, and Distlichus. Olson Ecosystem Type SALTPLAYA: 71 (salt-soda playa basin).   72
  SAND_DESERT Comprised of blowing <SAND_DUNE>s and flats with patchy <OASIS> seepage <VEGETATION> and a windy climate. Dominant taxa include Oryzopsis, Yucca, Artemisia filifolia, and Andropogon. Olson Ecosystem Type SANDESERT: 50 (sand desert).   73
  SANDY_GRASSLAND_SHRUBS Comprised of <SAND> steppe herb/<SHRUB> with mixed <VEGETATION> and a dry, hot-cold, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Calamovilfa, Oryzopsis, Redfieldia, Artemisia, and Bouteloua. Olson Ecosystem Type SANDGRASSHRB: 87 (sand grass/shrub).   74
  SAVANNA_WOODS Comprised of <GRASS> under open <TREE>/<SHRUB> with broadleaf/conifer <VEGETATION> and a dry-moist climate. Dominant taxa include Paspalum, Andropogon, Vellozia, Mauritia, Tecoma,and Bombax. Olson Ecosystem Type SAVANNATREE: 43 (savanna tree/shrub).   75
  SEA_WATER Comprised of <PLANKTON> with/without kelp, reefs with year-round growth <VEGETATION> and a with/without ice climate. Dominant taxa include <PLANKTON> with/without kelp and reefs. Olson Ecosystem Type WATERSEA: 15 (water [sea]).   76
  SEASONAL_TROPICAL_FOREST Comprised of medium <FOREST> with/without plantation with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a hot, seasonal moist climate. Dominant taxa include Ceiba, Tabebuia, Manilkara, Buchenavia, Bombax, and Ocotea. Olson Ecosystem Type SEASONTROPIC: 29 (seasonal tropical forest).   77
  SEMI_DESERT Comprised of sparse <SHRUB> with/without herb/<TREE> with spring/ephemeral green <VEGETATION> and a dry climate. Dominant taxa include Tamarix, Sarcobatus, Carnegia, Grayia, Ephedra, and Sitanion. Olson Ecosystem Type SEMIDESRTREE: 11 (semidesert shrub/tree).   78
  SEMI_DESERT_SAGE Comprised of shrub-steppe sparse range with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a cool-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Artemisia, Eurotia, Chrysothamnus, and Kochia. Olson Ecosystem Type SEMIDSRTSAGE: 52 (semidesert sage).   79
  SEMI_DESERT_SHRUBS Comprised of sparse <SHRUB>s, xerophytes with mixed green <VEGETATION> and a hot-cool climate. Dominant taxa include Larrea, Fouquieria, Coleogyne, Acacia, and Prosopis. Olson Ecosystem Type SEMIDSRTSHRB: 51 (semidesert shrub).   80
  SHRUB_DECIDUOUS Comprised of sparse-dense <SHRUB> with cold-deciduous/drought-deciduous <VEGETATION> and a moist climate. Dominant taxa include Diplacus, Salvia, Encelia, Quercus, Lepechinia, and Rhus. Olson Ecosystem Type SHRBDECDUOUS: 17 shrub deciduous).   81
  SHRUB_EVERGREEN Comprised of sparse <SHRUB> with/without <TREE> with evergreen <VEGETATION> and a cold-hot/wet-dry climate. Dominant taxa include Juniperus, Artemisia, Arctostaphylos, and Ilex. Olson Ecosystem Type SHRUBEVERGRN: 16 (shrub evergreen).   82
  SMALL_LEAF_MIXED_WOODS Comprised of low-medium taiga-edge/groves with summer green with/without conifer <VEGETATION> and a cold climate. Dominant taxa include Betula, Populus, Salix, and Alnus. Olson Ecosystem Type SMALFMIXWOOD: 60 (small leaf mix wood).   83
  SPARSE_DUNES_AND_RIDGES Comprised of varied dunebuilding <PLANT>s with pioneer <VEGETATION> and blowout <RIDGE>s. Dominant taxa include Calamovilfa, Panicum, Andropogon, Populus, and Tilia. Olson Ecosystem Type SPRSDUNEBLDR: 82 (sparse dune builder).   84
  SUCCULENT_THORN_SCRUB Comprised of succulent/thorn shrub/<TREE> with deciduous <VEGETATION> and a hot-mild, dry climate. Dominant taxa include Opuntia, Yucca, Agave, Acacia, Cavanillesia, and Zizyphus. Olson Ecosystem Type SUCTHORNSCRB: 59 (succulent thorn scrub).   85
  TALL_GRASSES_AND_SHRUBS Comprised of tall <GRASS> with/without woody/crops with annual foliage <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Andropogon, Sorghastrum, Panicum, and Prunus. Olson Ecosystem Type TALLGRASSHRB: 7 (tallgrass herb/shrub).   86
  TROPICAL_DEGRADED_FOREST Comprised of medium-low opened <FOREST>/wood with evergreen broadleaf <VEGETATION> and a hot climate. Dominant taxa include Cecropia, Didymopanax, Curatella, and plantations. Olson Ecosystem Type TROPDBGRADWD: 34 (tropical degraded wood/shrub).   87
  TROPICAL_RAINFOREST Comprised of tall-to-medium closed, multilayer <FOREST> with evergreen broadleaf <VEGETATION> and a hot, wet climate. Dominant taxa include Andropogon, Sorghastrum, Panicum, and Prunus. Olson Ecosystem Type TROPRAINFRST: 33 (tropical rainforest).   88
  UPLAND_TUNDRA Comprised of dwarf-to-tall herb/<SHRUB> cushion with sparse <VEGETATION> and a strong frost, windy climate. Dominant taxa include Kobresia, Poa, and Salix nana. Olson Ecosystem Type UPLNDTNDRA: 9 (upland tundra/paramo).   89
  URBAN Comprised of construction, lawn with/without <PARK>s with plantings, weeds <VEGETATION> and a cold-hot climate. Dominant taxa include Poa, Festuca, Cynodon, Ulmus, Populus, and Ailanthus. Olson Ecosystem Type URBAN: 1 (urban, suburban).   90
  VOLCANIC_ROCK Comprised of sparse <PLANT>s on lava/ash with patchy <VEGETATION> and an equatorial-subarctic climate. Dominant taxa include Pisonia, Psidium, Saccharum, ferns, lichens, and algae. Olson Ecosystem Type VOLCANICROCK: 49 (volcanic rock/ash).   91
  WATER_AND_ISLAND_FRINGE Comprised of submergible, other complex successional <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Ipomea, Cocos nucifera, Juniperus, and Acrocaria. Olson Ecosystem Type WATRISLFRNGE: 73 (water isle fringe).   92
  WET_SCLEROPHYLIC_FOREST Comprised of tall open Eucalypt <FOREST> with broadleaf evergreen and a mild, wet climate. Dominant taxa include Eucalyptus (regnans, obliqua, and diversicolor). Olson Ecosystem Type WETSCLEROPHL: 79 (wet scherophyl forest).   93
  WOODED_TUNDRA Comprised of timberline <TREE>/scrub/herb with evergreen-deciduous <VEGETATION> and a cold climate. Dominant taxa include Abies lasiocarpa, Picea, Pinus monticola, and Pinus longaeva. Olson Ecosystem Type WOODEDTUNDRA: 63 (wooded tundra/paramo).   94
  WOODED_WET_SWAMP Comprised of <TREE>/<SHRUB> over herb/<WATER> with evergreen/deciduous <VEGETATION> and a hot-cold climate. Dominant taxa include Salix, Acer, Nyssa, Taxodium, Thuja, and Cephelanthus. Olson Ecosystem Type WOODWETSWAMP: 13 (woody wetland swamp).   95
  WOODY_SAVANNA Comprised of C4 grass and woodland/low <FOREST> covering 30-50 percent with deciduous-evergreen <VEGETATION> and a dry-wet climate. Dominant taxa include Tristachys, Imperata, Ficus, Chlorophora, and Fagaria. Olson Ecosystem Type WOODYSAVANNA: 91 (woody savanna).   96
EDUCATIONAL_BUILDING_TYPE   The type of an educational <BUILDING>.    
  ACADEMY Houses a school that teaches a particular subject or trains people for a particular job; also a secondary or college-preparatory school, especially a private one; an academy [AHD, "academy", 1 and 2].   1
  COLLEGE Houses a self-governing constituent body of a university offering living quarters and instruction but not granting degrees; or a preparatory or high school; or an independent institution of higher learning offering a course of general studies leading to a bachelor's degree; or a part of a university offering a specialized <NON_EMPTY_SET> of courses; or an institution offering instruction usually in a professional, vocational, and/or technical field; a college [AHD, "college"].   2
  EDUCATIONAL_CENTRE Houses an establishment for teaching and learning; an educational centre.   3
  LYCEUM A hall in which public lectures, concerts, and similar programs are presented; a lyceum [AHD, "Lyceum", 1].   4
  SEMINARY <SEMINARY>.   5
  UNIVERSITY Houses an institution for higher learning with teaching and research <FACILITY>s constituting a graduate school and professional schools that award master's degrees and doctorates and an undergraduate division that awards bachelor's degrees; a university [AHD, "university"].   6
ELEV_ELECTRICAL_CABLE_TYPE   The type of suspension of an <ELEVATED_ELECTRICAL_CABLE>.    
  MOUNTAIN_CATENARY Catenary over <MOUNTAIN>s.   1
  NORMAL_SUSPENSION Normal suspension.   2
  OVERWATER_CATENARY Catenary over <WATERBODY>s.   3
ELEVATION_ACCURACY_STATEMENT   A statement of the accuracy of an <<ELEVATION>>.    
  ACCURATE Conforms to a standard or accepted value; accurate.   1
  APPROXIMATE Approaching closely (approximates) but not attaining a specified accuracy or a precision conformable with the quality of the observations.   2
EM_BAND   The scientifically-accepted designation for a range of <<FREQUENCY>>s within the electromagnetic spectrum; the electromagnetic band.    
  RF Radio frequency (RF), less than 3 gigahertz.   1
  ULF Less than 3 hertz; ultra-low frequency (ULF).   2
  ELF 3 hertz to 3 kilohertz; extremely low frequency (ELF).   3
  VLF 3 kilohertz to 30 kilohertz; very low frequency (VLF).   4
  LF 30 kilohertz to 300 kilohertz; low frequency (LF).   5
  MF 300 kilohertz to 3 megahertz; medium frequency (MF).   6
  HF 3 megahertz to 30 megahertz; high frequency (HF).   7
  VHF 30 to 300 megahertz; very high frequency (VHF).   8
  Q 36 gigahertz to 46 gigahertz; Q [DST, "Q band"].   9
  P 225 megahertz to 390 megahertz; P [DST, "P band"].   10
  UHF 300 megahertz to 3 gigahertz; ultra-high frequency (UHF).   11
  L 1 gigahertz to 2 gigahertz; L.   12
  MICROWAVE 3 gigahertz to 300 gigahertz; microwave.   13
  SHF 3 gigahertz to 30 gigahertz; super high frequency (SHF).   14
  S 2 gigahertz to 4 gigahertz; S.   15
  C 4 to 8 gigahertz; C.   16
  X 8 gigahertz to 12 gigahertz; X.   17
  KU 12 gigahertz to 18 gigahertz; Ku.   18
  K 18 gigahertz to 27 gigahertz; K.   19
  KA 27 gigahertz to 40 gigahertz; Ka.   20
  EHF 30 gigahertz to 300 gigahertz; extremely high frequency (EHF).   21
  V 46 to 56 gigahertz; V [DST, "V band"].   22
  W 56 gigahertz to 200 gigahertz; W.   23
  INFRARED 300 gigahertz to approximately 384 terahertz; infrared.   24
  EXTREME_INFRARED 300 gigahertz to 20 terahertz; extreme infrared.   25
  SUBMILLIMETRE 300 gigahertz to 3 terahertz; submillimetre.   26
  FAR_INFRARED 20 terahertz to 50 terahertz; far infrared.   27
  INTERMEDIATE_INFRARED 50 terahertz to 100 terahertz; intermediate infrared.   28
  NEAR_INFRARED 100 terahertz to approximately 384 terahertz; near infrared.   29
  VISIBLE Approximately 384 terahertz to approximately 769 terahertz; visible.   30
  RED Approximately 384 terahertz to approximately 482 terahertz; red.   31
  ORANGE Approximately 482 terahertz to approximately 503 terahertz; orange.   32
  YELLOW Approximately 503 terahertz to approximately 520 terahertz; yellow.   33
  GREEN Approximately 520 terahertz to approximately 610 terahertz; green.   34
  BLUE Approximately 610 terahertz to approximately 659 terahertz; blue.   35
  VIOLET Approximately 659 terahertz to approximately 769 terahertz; violet.   36
  UV Approximately 769 terahertz to 300 petahertz; ultraviolet.   37
  NEAR_UV Approximately 769 terahertz to 3 petahertz; near ultraviolet.   38
  FARULTRAVIOLET 3 petahertz to 300 petahertz; farultraviolet.   39
  UV_A Approximately 769 terahertz to 953 terahertz; ultraviolet A (UVA).   40
  UV_B Approximately 953 terahertz to 1071 terahertz; ultraviolet B (UVB).   41
  UV_C Approximately 1071 terahertz to 3 petahertz; ultraviolet C (UVC).   42
  X_RAY 300 petahertz to 50 exahertz; X-ray.   43
  GAMMA_RAY Greater than 50 exahertz; gamma ray.   44
EM_POLARIZATION_TYPE   The type(s) of electromagnetic polarization established by an <AERIAL> of an emitter and/or a receiver.    
  CIRCULAR The electric displacement vector or the electric field vector in a transverse wave propagating through a medium rotates; circular.   1
  CROSSED_VERT_HORIZ Crossed with emission vertical and detection horizontal.   2
  CROSSED_HORIZ_VERT Crossed with emission horizontal and detection vertical.   3
  ELLIPTICAL A vector representing a wave component at any point in space describes an ellipse in a plane perpendicular to the propagation <DIRECTION>; elliptical.   4
  LINEAR_HORIZONTAL The electric lines of force are in a horizontal <DIRECTION>; linear horizontal.   5
  LINEAR_VERTICAL The electric lines of force are in a vertical <DIRECTION> and the magnetic lines of force are in a horizontal <DIRECTION>; linear vertical.   6
  PARALLEL_INCID_RFLCT_PLANE Parallel to incidence-reflectance plane.   7
  PERPENDICULAR_INCID_RFLCT-
_PLANE
Perpendicular to incidence-reflectance plane.   8
  RANDOM Random or none.   9
EM_PROPAGATION_CONDITION   The type of condition causing variation in the propagation path of electromagnetic energy due to interaction of the emitted energy with the vertical density gradient of the <ATMOSPHERE>.    
  RADIO_DUCT The propagation of radio energy under conditions in the <ATMOSPHERE> of the <EARTH> in which the refractive index (<<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>>) decreases with <<ALTITUDE_MSL>> at a rate greater than 157 x 10-6 per kilometre; radio duct. The unit of measure equation is defined by N = (n-1) x 106 where n is the <<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>> and is known as an "N-unit". Radio energy that originates within a duct and leaves the <AERIAL> at angles near the horizontal may be trapped within the duct.   1
  STANDARD The propagation of radio energy under conditions of standard refraction in the <ATMOSPHERE> of the <EARTH>, that is, an <ATMOSPHERE> or section of the <ATMOSPHERE> in which the refractive index (<<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>>) decreases uniformly with <<ALTITUDE_MSL>> at a rate of approximately 40 x 10-6 per kilometre. The unit of measure equation is defined by N = (n-1) x 106 where n is the <<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>> and is known as an "N-unit".   2
  SUBSTANDARD The propagation of radio energy under conditions of substandard refraction in the <ATMOSPHERE> of the <EARTH>, that is, an <ATMOSPHERE> or section of the <ATMOSPHERE> in which the refractive index (<<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>>) decreases with <<ALTITUDE_MSL>> at a rate of less than 40 x 10-6 per kilometre. The unit of measure equation is defined by N = (n-1) x 106 where n is the <<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>> and is known as an "N-unit".   3
  SUPERSTANDARD The propagation of radio energy under conditions of superstandard refraction in the <ATMOSPHERE> of the <EARTH>, that is, an <ATMOSPHERE> or section of the <ATMOSPHERE> in which the refractive index (<<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>>) decreases with <<ALTITUDE_MSL>> at a rate of greater than 40 x 10-6 per kilometre. The unit of measure equation is defined by N = (n-1) x 106 where n is the <<REFRACTION_INDEX_REAL_PART>> and is known as an "N-unit".   4
ENGINEER_TRENCH_TYPE   The type of an <ENGINEER_TRENCH>.    
  INFANTRY_TRENCH <INFANTRY_TRENCH>.   1
  SOVIET_ANTI_TANK_DITCH An <ENGINEER_TRENCH> and <PARAPET> combination designed according to Soviet military doctrine to prevent crossing by <ARMOURED_TRACKED_VEHICLE>s; a Soviet style anti-tank ditch.   2
  US_ANTI_TANK_DITCH An <ENGINEER_TRENCH> and <PARAPET> combination designed according to US military doctrine to prevent crossing by <ARMOURED_TRACKED_VEHICLE>s; a US style anti-tank ditch.   3
EXPLOSIVE_MINE_TYPE   The type of an <EXPLOSIVE_MINE>.    
  ANTIPERSONNEL An <EXPLOSIVE_LAND_MINE> designed to kill or incapacitate <HUMAN>s; an anti-personnel mine.   1
  ANTITANK An <EXPLOSIVE_LAND_MINE> designed to immobilize or destroy <ARMOURED_TRACKED_FIGHTING_VEHICLE>s and their occupants; an anti-tank mine.   2
  ANTITANK_SMART A "smart" anti-tank <EXPLOSIVE_LAND_MINE> designed to produce a mobility or catastrophic kill by a top or side attack when a target <VEHICLE> activates the fuse with acoustic or seismic signals. When activated, an infrared-sensored, explosive-formed penetrating or a shaped-charge rocket warhead sublet is launched and the warhead acquires the target.   3
  AQUATIC_ACTIVE An <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> actuated by the reflection from a target of a signal emitted by the <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE>; aquatic active.   4
  AQUATIC_BOTTOM An <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> with negative buoyancy that remains on the <WATERBODY_FLOOR>; aquatic bottom.   5
  AQUATIC_BURIED An <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> with negative buoyancy that is completely buried in the <WATERBODY_FLOOR>; aquatic buried.   6
  AQUATIC_DRIFTING A buoyant or neutrally buoyant <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE>, free to drift under the influence of <WATER_WAVE>s, <WIND>s, <WATER_CURRENT>s or the <TIDE>; aquatic drifting.   7
  AQUATIC_FLOATING An <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> floating on a <WATERBODY_SURFACE>; aquatic floating.   8
  AQUATIC_FREE A moored <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE>, the mooring of which has parted or been cut so that it is floating free; aquatic free.   9
  AQUATIC_MOORED A contact or influence-operated <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> of positive buoyancy held below the <WATERBODY_SURFACE> by a mooring attached to a sinker or <ANCHOR> on the <WATERBODY_FLOOR>; aquatic moored.   10
  AQUATIC_PROUD An <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> that is partially buried in the <WATERBODY_FLOOR>; aquatic "proud".   11
  AQUATIC_WATCHING An <EXPLOSIVE_NAVAL_MINE> secured to its mooring but showing on the <WATERBODY_SURFACE> possibly only in certain tidal conditions; aquatic "watching".   12
  DECOY A phony or decoy <EXPLOSIVE_MINE>.   13
  INFLUENCE A <EXPLOSIVE_MINE> actuated by the influence of a target on some physical condition in the vicinity of the <EXPLOSIVE_MINE> or on radiations emanating from the <EXPLOSIVE_MINE>.   14
  MIXED An <EXPLOSIVE_MINE>s of multiple characteristics; mixed.   15
  WIDE_AREA An <EXPLOSIVE_LAND_MINE> dispersed by <FIELD_ARTILLERY> that uses ground <SENSOR>s (for example: seismic, acoustic, and/or magnetic) to activate itself against moving targets within a designated range; wide area.   16
EXTERIOR_WALL_CONSTRUCTION-
_TYPE
  The type of <MATERIAL> and/or techniques used to construct an <EXTERIOR_WALL>.    
  BRICK Bricks cemented with mortar.   1
  GLASS Predominantly of glass.   2
  HOLLOW_CONCRETE_BLOCK Hollow concrete blocks cemented with mortar.   3
  HOLLOW_FIRED_CLAY_BLOCK Hollow fired clay blocks cemented with mortar.   4
  MASONRY Masonry.   5
  PREFABRICATED_CONCRETE_TILT_UP Constructed of load bearing pre-fabricated concrete sheets assembled at the building <SITE>; tilt up.   6
  REINFORCED_CONCRETE Reinforced concrete.   7
  WOOD_PRODUCT Wood product secured to framing studs.   8
EXTERIOR_WALL_FORTIFICATION   The <MATERIAL>s and/or techniques used to fortify an <EXTERIOR_WALL>.    
  NONE_PRESENT No <FORTIFICATION>s are present.   1
  ONE_ROW_SANDBAGS One row of sandbags.   2
  TIMBERS Timbers leaning against the exterior.   3
  TWO_ROWS_SANDBAGS Two rows of sandbags.   4
EXTERNAL_PAINT_SCHEME   The applied external paint scheme of an <OBJECT>.    
  DESERT_CAMOUFLAGE Desert camouflage.   1
  FOREST_CAMOUFLAGE Forest camouflage.   2
  NONE_PRESENT None present.   3
  UNIFORM_COLOUR Uniform colour.   4
  WINTER_CAMOUFLAGE Winter camouflage.   5
EXTERNAL_WINDOW_COVERING   The type of the external covering of a <WINDOW>.    
  BARS Framework of metal bars.   1
  HURRICANE_SHUTTERS Shutters that provide protection for <WINDOW>s during <HURRICANE>s.
EXAMPLES     Bahama shutter, awning, storm pane, roll down shutter, accordion shutter.
  2
  NONE_PRESENT No external covering is present.   3
  WINDOW_SCREEN Fine wire mesh; window screen.   4
EXTRACTION_MINE_TYPE   The type of an <EXTRACTION_MINE>.    
  BELOW_SURFACE Tunnels are cut below the <SURFACE> of the <TERRAIN> to gain access to the mineral deposit.   1
  BORROW Borrow.   2
  HORIZONTAL_SHAFT Horizontal shaft.   3
  OPEN_PIT Open pit.   4
  PEAT_CUTTINGS Peat cuttings.   5
  PLACER Placer.   6
  PROSPECT Prospect.   7
  STRIP Strip-mine; strip or surface.   8
  VERTICAL_SHAFT Vertical shaft.   9